PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
However, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to seize a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.